{"id":9302,"date":"2013-12-31T13:23:49","date_gmt":"2013-12-31T18:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=9302"},"modified":"2013-12-31T13:23:49","modified_gmt":"2013-12-31T18:23:49","slug":"panama-trip-will-explore-biodiversity-hotspot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/panama-trip-will-explore-biodiversity-hotspot\/","title":{"rendered":"Panama trip will explore biodiversity hotspot"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Here is a nice article that appeared in the campus newspaper at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville.<\/span>
\n <\/span><\/p>\n

Opportunities to study abroad are among the most exciting and rewarding experiences that a university can offer its students.\u00a0 For the upcoming summer, Rick Essner and Peter Minchin, both of the department of biological sciences at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, are planning to take students to one of the most fascinating tropical countries in the world: Panama.<\/p>\n

\u201cPanama has a number of advantages,\u201d said Essner. \u201cThe Smithsonian Institution has had a presence in Panama for years, going back to when the canal was built. And it was identified early on as a really important place for biodiversity.\u201d The term biodiversity is the measurement of plant and animal species diversity in a given area. Panama is what is called a biodiversity hotspot.<\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt has advantages in terms of being a setting for a lot of important tropical ecology research,\u201d added Essner. \u201cIt\u2019s also relatively close. So it\u2019s an opportunity within a short flight to see one of the most bio-diverse places in the world.\u201d In addition to the scientific advantages, there are also practical ones for conducting research in Panama.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt also has some practical advantages because of the American presence down there,\u201d said Minchin. \u201cFor example, they use the same currency. They call it balboas but it\u2019s American dollars.\u201d The Smithsonian station is on Barro Colorado Island, an island that was formed after the Panama Canal was completed. It\u2019s fauna, Essner and Minchin said, is incredible.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere have been some recent discoveries with trail cameras,\u201d said Essner. Trail cameras automatically take photos when animals come around. \u201cThey found some large felids like ocelots, for example, that haven\u2019t been seen in a while. They also are doing some work using telemetry and GPS units to track animals. They have got a really neat array of stuff where they can track movements of species all over the island.\u201d Telemetry involves placing a radio on animals so that they can be tracked for research and conservation efforts. This technique is now being used even with insects.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere is a diversity of foreign fauna there,\u201d said Essner. \u201cOne of the things we noticed when we were on Barro Colorado was that we were seeing things there that you wouldn\u2019t see on the mainland. Like little poison dart frogs that were historically really common, but which have now been affected by fungi that have moved through Panama and wiped out a lot of the diversity unfortunately.\u201d One of the topics that students will learn about while visiting Panama will be biogeography.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s all about what controls the diversity of species on islands,\u201d explained Minchin. \u201cIt turns out that the area of an island is important, and also its degree of oscillation. It\u2019s basically about the balance between the arrival rate of species and the local extinction rate. And both of those things depend on area, but they also depend on distance.\u201d?Conservation on islands is extremely important because usually the populations of plants and animals living on those islands are endangered by the nature of the island. And the smaller the island, usually the more fragile they are.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe smaller the island, usually the smaller the population,\u201d said Minchin. \u201cSmall populations are intrinsically more at risk. Also, predation and things like that are more effective. So if introduced, predator species that arrive can wipe out several species very quickly.\u201d<\/p>\n

Next year\u2019s trip will take place from mid-May to early June. Both professors expect to take around a dozen students and basically see most of the country. They plan to be in lowland rainforest, around Panama City, move to an area that\u2019s a little dryer in the central part of the country, and also visit some highland cloud forest type habitats. In addition to nature studies, students will have the chance to learn about the local culture.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeter has arranged for us to go on a tour of an Embera village, one that I am really looking forward to,\u201d said Essner. \u201cThat\u2019s an indigenous tribe on the Caribbean side. We have plans to go on a dugout canoe trip up the Chagres River to visit this tribe with a native guide. And you encounter indigenous people there selling items that they hand make. Among my favorites are little statues that they carve out of the native palm nut. They carve them really elaborately and then they paint them.\u201d<\/p>\n

Students interested in participating in this trip will not need too many prerequisites, academically speaking, according to Minchin.<\/p>\n

\u201cI think we just set it to the first two semesters of biology, biology 150 and biology 151. It would be of benefit if they have had ecology, but we are not requiring it,\u201d he added. They will be carrying with them standard field equipment used in ecology, including trail cameras and night vision cameras to detect animals that come around at night.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe may bait these so that we can draw in some species we wouldn\u2019t see normally,\u201d said Essner, who quickly added that the trip is not all about animals.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe have some plans to do some vegetation work, quantifying aspects of vegetation and habitat,\u201d he said. \u201cWe\u2019ll do observational work, like point count surveys for birds, a standard technique where you have an observer basically writing down all the birds that they see. So they will use binoculars and spotting scopes.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Here is a nice article that appeared in the campus newspaper at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville. 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