{"id":7341,"date":"2013-04-09T17:07:08","date_gmt":"2013-04-09T22:07:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=7341"},"modified":"2013-04-11T14:17:33","modified_gmt":"2013-04-11T19:17:33","slug":"rights-of-possession-vs-titled-land-in-panama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/rights-of-possession-vs-titled-land-in-panama\/","title":{"rendered":"Rights of Possession vs Titled Land in Panama"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/beach-1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-7342\" title=\"beach 1\" src=\"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/beach-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"576\" srcset=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/beach-1.jpg 768w, https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/04\/beach-1-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Looks beautiful doesn&#8217;t it.\u00a0 Can you buy it, sure.\u00a0 Can you get title, no!\u00a0 Only in the rarest situations can you find property titled to the high tide line in Panama.\u00a0 Most is set back 150 to 200 meters unless you are lucky and find beachfront that is titled to 22 meters.\u00a0 Can you develop and use it anyway, in most cases if you own the rights of possession, yes.\u00a0 Now comes the tricky part. How do you determine if someone is the true owner of those rights?\u00a0 In Bocas del Toro we heard of a former Mayor who sold rights of possession to 4 different people that was for the same piece of property.\u00a0 Be aware of where, who, when and how when you buy in Panama.\u00a0 Actually, this also happens in the USA.\u00a0 See this <a href=\"http:\/\/www.miamiherald.com\/2013\/04\/02\/3320065\/miami-dade-property-appraiser.html#story_link=email_msg\" target=\"_blank\">recent article<\/a> on people who are trying to get rights of possession on foreclosed properties by squatting on them in Miami.\u00a0 To explain the difference in the buying the two types of ownership, one of my friends and a very qualified attorney who is very familiar with the subject wrote this piece. Thanks and a hat tip to Rodolfo Aguilera.<\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:TargetScreenSize>800x600<\/o:TargetScreenSize> <\/o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <\/xml><![endif]--><\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal<\/w:View> <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves \/> <w:TrackFormatting \/> <w:PunctuationKerning \/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas \/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false<\/w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF \/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US<\/w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE<\/w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE<\/w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables \/> <w:SnapToGridInCell \/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct \/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules \/> <w:DontGrowAutofit \/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark \/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning \/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents \/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps \/> 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<w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 7\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 8\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" Name=\"toc 9\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"35\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"caption\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"10\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Title\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"1\" Name=\"Default Paragraph Font\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"11\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtitle\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"22\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Strong\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"20\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Emphasis\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"59\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Table Grid\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Placeholder Text\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"1\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"No Spacing\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Revision\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"34\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"List Paragraph\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"29\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Quote\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"30\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Quote\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 1\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 2\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 3\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 4\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 5\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"60\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Shading Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"61\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light List Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"62\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Light Grid Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"63\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 1 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"64\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Shading 2 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"65\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 1 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"66\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium List 2 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"67\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 1 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"68\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 2 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"69\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Medium Grid 3 Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"70\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Dark List Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"71\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Shading Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"72\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful List Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"73\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" Name=\"Colorful Grid Accent 6\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"19\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Emphasis\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"21\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Emphasis\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"31\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Subtle Reference\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"32\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Intense Reference\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"33\" SemiHidden=\"false\"    UnhideWhenUsed=\"false\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"Book Title\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"37\" Name=\"Bibliography\" \/> <w:LsdException Locked=\"false\" Priority=\"39\" QFormat=\"true\" Name=\"TOC Heading\" \/> <\/w:LatentStyles> <\/xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><!   \/* Style Definitions *\/  table.MsoNormalTable \t{mso-style-name:\"Table Normal\"; \tmso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; \tmso-tstyle-colband-size:0; \tmso-style-noshow:yes; \tmso-style-priority:99; \tmso-style-parent:\"\"; \tmso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; \tmso-para-margin-top:0in; \tmso-para-margin-right:0in; \tmso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; \tmso-para-margin-left:0in; \tline-height:115%; \tmso-pagination:widow-orphan; \tfont-size:11.0pt; \tfont-family:\"Calibri\",\"sans-serif\"; \tmso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; \tmso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; \tmso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; \tmso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;} --> <!--[endif] --><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Buying Real Property in Panama:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Under Panama Civil Law one can have control over a land parcel or property not only as a duly recorded owner but as a possessor.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Generally speaking, if a title of transfer is deeded before a Public Notary and said title is duly recorded in the Public Registry, the individual or entity who appears in said deed as the transferee will become the owner, in other words, Deed + Proper Recording in the Public Registry = Ownership of Real Estate.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>If one follows the chain of titles of a property back to the original owner, the first transfer, when the first owner acquired the property, -this is to say, when the property was born in the Public Registry- is a transfer from a government entity \u2013 Municipality, Cadastre or Agrarian Reform, for instance- to the individual or entity that was holding said property without title.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>There are still land parcels and properties in Panama that are under the control of individuals or entities who have never filed an application before the competent authority to obtain title.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Those in this situation have <\/span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">rights of possession<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>According to the Civil Law System an individual \u2013or entity- has <\/span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">rights of possession<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> over a property when he\/she occupies\/controls\/holds a piece of land or a property, under certain conditions, and considers him\/herself the owner of said property, without having title.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>In general terms, <\/span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">rights of possession<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> can be transferred, inherited, attached, encumbered, foreclosed and titled subject to the law in affect at the time.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>They are protected by law as a stage prior to titled property.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Those who hold <\/span><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">rights of possession<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> are entitled to file lawsuits against squatters, build improvements, apply for title, prevent\/demolish improvements from third parties, etc.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Note: <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; color: black; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">The following refers only to titled property, not to <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">rights of possession<\/strong>.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"><br style=\"mso-special-character: line-break;\" \/> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">The Panamanian Public Registry is one of the world\u2019s largest open registries of merchant vessels and offshore companies.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Both the maritime industry and the international business community together with the Panamanian authorities have established one of the most efficient, transparent and secure Public Registries in the Americas.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Since the real estate buyer becomes the owner when the transfer deed is recorded in the Public Registry, foreign real estate investors benefit from these developments in the Public Registry as they create a safe, expeditious and open environment in which to conduct real estate transactions.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>The Public Registry allows you to review online not only the status and history of every legal entity, vessel or property therein recorded, but the deeds and documents related to any of them. <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">Here is a list of nine steps that will help you finalize your real estate transaction successfully:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">1- <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Get a title report<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Ask for the number of the real estate property from the owner or broker.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Then go to the Public Registry (<a href=\"http:\/\/www.registro-publico.gob.pa\/\"><span style=\"color: blue;\">www.registro-publico.gob.pa<\/span><\/a>) and apply for an abstract of title (historia de la finca, in Spanish), which is a written report <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">that<\/span> shows the history of subsequent changes of ownership on a piece of real estate as well as the area, borders, and any claim or encumbrances affecting the property such as liens, mortgages, attachments, court rulings and the like.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">2- <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Pay for what you get<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Sometimes, due to the use of not so precise surveying tools, especially when properties were titled in the 40s, 50s and 60s, the area in the official surveys (hence in the Public Registry) is more than the <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">de facto<\/span> area you are receiving and for which you are paying.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Therefore it is advisable that the Buyer hires an expert in order to conduct a survey of the property and then compare the figures with the ones found in the Public Registry and\/or official surveys.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>For the same reasons, it is also recommended to establish a price per square meter in the purchase contract, not a lump sum price, so that if the amount of land is less than the area represented by the official survey, the Buyer will be entitled to a proportional price reduction.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>A due diligence period in the pre-purchase contract will allow the Buyer to conduct the survey of the property.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">No conveyance, no payment<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Once the bill of sale is duly signed before the Public Notary and recorded in the Public Registry, the buyer becomes the owner; hence, payment can be made.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>If the seller requires the buyer to secure the amount due, the buyer may deposit the total amount in a bank, which in turn will issue an irrevocable letter of payment, whereby the bank guarantees the payment to the seller once the deed has been duly recorded in the Public Registry free and clear from encumbrances.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Bank Letters to secure payments are common place in the Panamanian legal environment.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>If the seller asks for a partial payment in advance in order to close the bill of sale, the buyer may agree with a partial payment following the rest of the advice herein mentioned, in order to reduce legal risks.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Another method to withhold payment of the balance owed to Seller until the transfer has been completed, while still securing the payment to the Seller, is to put the balance of the purchase price in an escrow account managed by a reputed licensed Trust Company or Law Firm.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>The Trust Company or Law Firm will be obliged to release the balance of the purchase price once the transfer deed is recorded in the Public Registry free and clear, but will withhold said sum, if the transfer deed is not recorded.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">4- E<strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">asements<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>An easement is the right, attached to real estate, to use the real property of another person for a specific <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">benefit<\/span><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">,<\/span><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\"> <\/span><span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: italic;\">for example:<\/span> entry and exit easement in favour of a land locked lot, use of a water spring, not to build where the view is obstructed, etc.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Title reports and title abstracts will usually describe all existing <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;\">easements<\/span> affecting a property; but, in some cases, depending on the structure, location and nature of the land, some neighbours or others could have a right (not to be found in the Public Registry) to claim for an easement, and so it might be useful to check all possible easements in the civil code to see if one could apply to the particular piece of land that the buyer <span style=\"mso-bidi-font-style: normal;\">is<\/span> trying to acquire.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">5- <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Latent\/Hidden Defects<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Be sure that the bill of sale includes a \u201clatent defect clause\u201d by which the buyer is entitled to rescind the contract and claim damages if a latent or hidden defect (i.e. a hidden flaw or a legal weakness of the title) entails significant loss of property to the buyer.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">6- <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Real Property Taxes<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Although most land in Panama is tax exempted, Real Estate Taxes are charged on a quarterly basis to some real properties by the Direcci\u00f3n General de Ingresos, the Panamanian IRS.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>The current owner is liable for any unpaid real property taxes.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>As a consequence, it is important that the Buyer checks that the quarterly payments are within his\/her budget and that the property is free from previous real estate tax debts.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">7- <strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">Double titles<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>It is a very rare event I must say, but some times the buyer may encounter two titles, held by different persons, that overlap, totally or partially, upon the same piece of land.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>It follows, that the buyer could acquire from one owner and the other owner will contend to have a better right. <span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>To reduce this risk, your surveyor should ask the neighbours if they have any contentions regarding the official boundaries of the lot or parcel.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>You could search with the authorities in charge of issuing real estate titles (Agrarian Reform Directorate, Municipality and National Cadastre), in order to determine if someone, other than the seller, has filed and completed a title petition, in order to acquire a title over the land in question.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">8<strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">&#8211; Protect your Assets<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Once you have found your own private haven, protect it from unknown future creditors.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>One of the best legal entities to protect and transfer assets is the Panamanian Private Interest Foundation.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>The assets belonging to these legal entities, in principle, cannot be seized or attached.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>In addition, it is easy and cost effective to transfer assets to the next generation when held by a Private Interest Foundation.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>The buyer can also put a mortgage on a property to secure loans with Banks or third parties. This encumbrance in most cases deflects the attacks from future unknown creditors.<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\">9<strong style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">&#8211; Insure your title from eviction risks<\/strong>.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Several insurance companies offer title insurance and several US title insurers have established operations in Panama.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Make sure that the insurance covers not only risks or situations that are recorded in the Public Registry but also those that are in connection with elements or facts that are not recorded in the Public Registry.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB;\" lang=\"EN-GB\"> <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.visualcv.com\/raguilera\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: ES;\" lang=\"ES\">Rodolfo Aguilera Franceschi<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: ES;\" lang=\"ES\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-ansi-language: ES;\" lang=\"ES\">Real Estate Lawyer<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: &amp;amp;amp; mso-fareast-font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp; color: #0070c0;\" lang=\"ES\">Aguilera Franceschi, S. C. \u2013 Attorneys At Law<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\">Suite 2,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>23<sup>rd<\/sup> Floor,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>New Global Bank Tower<\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\">50<sup>th<\/sup><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Street,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Panama City,<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Rep.<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>of<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>Panama.<\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\">Tels 507 340 3571\/2<\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\">Fax<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>507 340 3573<\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\">Cel<span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes;\"> <\/span>507 667 1 7596<\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aguileralawfirm.com\">www.aguileralawfirm.com<\/a><\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span style=\"font-family: &amp;amp;amp;\" lang=\"ES\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.visualcv.com\/raguilera\">www.visualcv.com\/raguilera<\/a> <\/span><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"ES\"> <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Looks beautiful doesn&#8217;t it.\u00a0 Can you buy it, sure.\u00a0 Can you get title, no!\u00a0 Only in the rarest<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[8,40,38,10,12,39,46,34,33,82,62,21,42,16,29,27,18,19,47,26,49,14,219,11,6,105,20,51,31,7,32,233,15,44,17,37,35],"class_list":["post-7341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-articles-panama-perpsective","tag-azuero-penninsula","tag-beach","tag-boca-chica","tag-bocas-del-toro","tag-boquete","tag-buenaventura","tag-caribbean","tag-casco-antiguo","tag-casco-viejo","tag-coffee","tag-coffee-in-panama","tag-energy","tag-estate-homes-in-panama","tag-estate-planning","tag-exchange-property-in-panama","tag-fantasy-island","tag-foundations","tag-investments-in-panama","tag-island-property","tag-islands","tag-labor-in-panama","tag-legal-issues","tag-move-to-panama","tag-offshore-real-estate","tag-panama","tag-panama-canal","tag-panama-economics","tag-panama-hotels","tag-panama-property-exchange","tag-panama-real-estate","tag-pedasi","tag-rights-of-possession","tag-tax-issues","tag-travel-to-panama","tag-trusts","tag-venado","tag-venao"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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