{"id":23731,"date":"2018-07-31T14:41:38","date_gmt":"2018-07-31T19:41:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=23731"},"modified":"2018-07-31T14:41:38","modified_gmt":"2018-07-31T19:41:38","slug":"panama-became-treacherous-crossing-point-migrants-long-journey-u-s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/panama-became-treacherous-crossing-point-migrants-long-journey-u-s\/","title":{"rendered":"How Panama Became the Most Treacherous Crossing Point for Migrants on a Long Journey to the U.S."},"content":{"rendered":"

\"A<\/p>\n

A Somali immigrant, heading to the southern U.S. border, walks bellow the water apple tree in the jungle of Dari\u00e9n gap on Janaury 29, 2015 in Darien, Panama.<\/em><\/div>\n
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Merengue music blares through the bar\u2019s speakers and patrons sway to the beat of the drums while sipping tropical cocktails. The ocean glistens to one side, while the lights of Capurgan\u00e1 flicker in the darkness; the thick jungle lies only a few hundred yards to the south. It\u2019s around 10 p.m. and the locals and tourists alike are trickling in to enjoy the cool ocean breeze. Among the newcomers, two men quietly slip into the bar to order their beers. Pravan and Sabjajit, who both asked to use pseudonyms to prevent legal repercussions, arrived in this remote Colombian town on this warm June day after traveling over 10,000 miles from their native India. But the most treacherous part of their journey to the United States<\/a> still lay ahead.<\/div>\n
\u00a0<\/em><\/div>\n
\n

Though the news has focused on Central American migrants arriving in the United States<\/a>, tens of thousands of people from countries around the world are also making it to the southern border. For Pravan and Sabjajit, their journeys began two years ago. In 2016, Pravan flew from India\u2019s western coastal state of Gujarat, India to Guayaquil, Ecuador. A computer engineer by training, Pravan worked in Guayaquil to save money for his trip and subsequently became conversationally proficient in Spanish, his fifth language. Sabjajit\u2014who is originally from Punjab in northern India\u2014arrived in Guayaquil only three weeks before their arrival in Capurgan\u00e1. When the two men met in Ecuador, they decided to travel north together. In just a few weeks, they had reached this town in northern Colombia, where they would wait for several more of Sabjajit\u2019s friends from Punjab before continuing on to the Panamanian border.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

In 2016, the Panamanian border patrol reported that it apprehended almost 20,000 migrants arriving irregularly from Colombia<\/a>, while migrants who registered their transit with Colombian authorities came in at close to 34,000<\/a> for the same year. In an interview with Juan Gomez, a journalist and expert on migration in Colombia, he estimated that the number of migrants passing through Colombia is likely closer to 100,000 per year. According to Gomez\u2019s data, half of the migrants come from India, and many others come from Cuba, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Eritrea. In 2017, migrants crossing into Panama also included people from Iraq, Sierra Leone, Yemen, Angola, and around 30 other countries.<\/p>\n

These migrants are trying to escape wars, climate change, religious persecution, a lack of economic opportunity, and gendered violence. For example, migrants from Sierra Leone and Eritrea are frequently fleeing forced and indefinite conscription <\/a>in their countries\u2019 militaries. Others from Nepal have left a bleak situation after the 2015 earthquake destroyed vast parts of the country, and reconstruction has been slow. Pravan and Sabjajit each have a different reason for leaving India. Pravan fled Gujarat after facing persecution in his state for belonging to a Christian minority. Sabjajit hoped to reunite with his closest family member, a cousin living in New York.<\/p>\n

Many of these migrants arriving to Capurgan\u00e1 hail from the middle and upper classes in their home countries. Much like Pravan, Asian and African migrants transiting through Colombia are often accomplished professionals who left careers as university professors, engineers, business owners and public servants. They are the only ones who can afford to pay the exorbitant fees associated with a journey around the world, often up to $30,000 per person.<\/p>\n

The route to Capurgan\u00e1\u2014which is roughly the halfway point in many migrants\u2019 journeys\u2014is lengthy, complicated, and dangerous. Migrants arrive through one of three routes. For African migrants, the most common path is to arrive in Brazil by plane or cargo ship and to then travel to northern Colombia in cargo trucks. A second, cheaper option is to arrive in Brazil or Guyana and then travel through the Amazon<\/a> rainforest to the Brazilian city of Manaus, generally on a small boat, before crossing into Colombia. The third option is Ecuador\u2014which is the most popular with East and South Asian migrants\u2014with most migrants arriving either to Quito or Guayaquil by plane, and then taking buses north to Colombia.<\/p>\n

The route depends on the migrants\u2019 nationalities and their smugglers\u2019 preferred routes<\/a>. Ecuador, Brazil, and Guyana serve as the most common entry-points for international migrants given the countries\u2019 lax visa requirements. It is only once migrants cross into Peru or Colombia that issues of legality, authorization, or immigration enforcement become concerns. Pravan and Sabjajit avoided having to sneak into Colombia between ports of entry by using forged British passports. They then boarded buses and headed north along the Pan-American Highway until they reached Turbo, Colombia in the north of the country.<\/p>\n

While buses serve as the primary transportation method for the majority of these migrants, they must disembark as they approach the Colombia-Panama border. This is the starting point of one of the world\u2019s densest and most isolated stretches of jungle: the Darien Gap<\/a>. This also happens to be the only passage between South and Central America. Within the Darien Gap<\/a>, there are no roads or north-to-south rivers to help with navigation, and the only ways to successfully reach Panama are by trekking on foot or hiring a boat for the several hours it takes to circumvent this stretch. Migrants arrive on buses to the Colombian towns of Turbo or Necocli, and then must take a boat to one of three towns in the Darien Gap, including the town of Capurgan\u00e1. From Capurgan\u00e1, it takes anywhere from five to eight days to walk to the nearest road, town, or even the closest cell phone tower.<\/p>\n

\"Nepalese<\/p>\n

Nepalese immigrants, heading to the southern U.S. border, lie exhausted on the ground in the border checkpoint after crossing the jungle of Dari\u00e9n gap on January 28, 2015 in Darien, Panama.<\/em><\/p>\n

For migrants who recount their journeys from the U.S., the Darien Gap is often remembered as the most difficult section of the entire journey<\/a>. There are only two ways to try to make it through. The first is to hike through the thick brush, which takes at least five days. This route is physically taxing, often requiring hacking through the jungle with machetes in extreme heat, without any basic services, and with no shortage of mosquitos and other disease-carrying insects. During the rainy season, the small streams running east to west frequently flood their banks, washing migrants away with their strong currents. As well as these natural barriers, this section of the jungle is also controlled by the Clan del Golfo. This Colombian criminal organization, and paramilitary group, smuggles drugs through the Darien Gap\u2019s boundaries. It also controls the flow of migrants<\/a> by demanding a tax from each for the right to pass. Migrants must contract a guide to get through the jungle but are frequently abandoned or turn back after getting lost or injured.<\/p>\n\n

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    A Somali immigrant, heading to the southern U.S. border, walks bellow the water apple tree in the jungle<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[10,12,247,241,39,248,34,33,62,42,219,11,249,243,7,246,244,44],"class_list":["post-23731","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-articles-panama-perpsective","tag-bocas-del-toro","tag-boquete","tag-boquete-boca-chica-real-estate","tag-boquete-real-estate","tag-buenaventura","tag-casco","tag-casco-antiguo","tag-casco-viejo","tag-coffee-in-panama","tag-estate-homes-in-panama","tag-move-to-panama","tag-offshore-real-estate","tag-panama-offshore-real-estate","tag-panama-papers","tag-panama-real-estate","tag-relocate-to-panama","tag-rum-in-panama","tag-travel-to-panama"],"yoast_head":"\nHow Panama Became the Most Treacherous Crossing Point for 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