{"id":13486,"date":"2015-05-25T13:46:14","date_gmt":"2015-05-25T18:46:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=13486"},"modified":"2015-05-25T13:46:14","modified_gmt":"2015-05-25T18:46:14","slug":"central-america-panel-seeks-ways-to-slash-regions-sky-high-electricity-prices","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/central-america-panel-seeks-ways-to-slash-regions-sky-high-electricity-prices\/","title":{"rendered":"Central America panel seeks ways to slash region\u2019s sky high electricity prices"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Energy-2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ricuarte Vasquez, General Electric\u2019s president and CEO for Latin America and the Caribbean, speaks at Washington\u2019s Inter-American Dialogue on bringing down the region\u2019s sky high electricity costs.<\/em><\/p>\n

In the United States, electricity costs 10\u00a2 to 12\u00a2 per kilowatt-hour (kwh), while in Costa Rica, it\u2019s 15\u00a2 per kwh and considerably higher in Honduras and Nicaragua, Central America\u2019s poorest countries.<\/p>\n

Yet a top State Department official said the region \u2014 which relies heavily on diesel and fuel oil for power generation \u2014 is now in an ideal position to cut costs by introducing alternative sources like natural gas and renewable energy.<\/p>\n

\u201cThings that five years ago were not even possible are available today. Some methods of transporting containerized natural gas have come down in cost considerably,\u201d said Robin Dunnigan, deputy U.S. assistant secretary for energy diplomacy.<\/p>\n

Dunnigan said the Central American Electrical Interconnection System (SIEPAC) <\/a>already links 37 million people in Panama, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Guatemala.<\/p>\n

SIEPAC, which has been discussed since 1987, includes a 1,790-kilometer, 230-kV transmission line as well as improvements to existing systems. It cost $320 million without proposed interconnections with Mexico, Belize and Panama.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe interconnection treaty between the United States and Canada took 30 years to negotiate. SIEPAC involves eight countries if you include Colombia and Mexico,\u201d she said. \u201cOver the last two years, they\u2019ve tripled electricity trade and it\u2019s already made a difference but more needs to be done: increasing capacity, resolving technical disruptions and oscillations, further refining the regulatory structure and finally connecting to Mexico and Colombia. We\u2019re confident that the countries have the political will to get it done.\u201d<\/p>\n

Dunnigan was one of four officials who spoke May 7 at an Inter-American Dialogue<\/a> conference. Some 150 people attended the panel, \u201cEnergy in Central America and the Caribbean,\u201d including Rom\u00e1n Macaya \u2014\u00a0Costa Rica\u2019s ambassador to the United States \u2014 and representatives from the Washington embassies of Austria, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Mexico, Netherlands, Panama, Spain, Trinidad & Tobago and Venezuela.<\/p>\n

The event took place\u00a0a month after President Obama\u2019s visit to Jamaica, where he offered\u00a0$20 million to finance private investment in Caribbean clean energy projects.<\/p>\n

In late 2014, the White House launched the Caribbean Energy Security Initiative, an alternative to Venezuela\u2019s Petrocaribe<\/a> program under which the Washington-based Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) <\/a>dedicates resources to facilitate deals in the Caribbean that match U.S. government financing with energy projects.<\/p>\n

\u201cA strategic project has finally come to fruition: the interconnected system among the five countries from Panama to Guatemala,\u201d said Ram\u00f3n Espinasa, lead oil and gas specialist at the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)<\/a>, which has committed $150 million to SIEPAC. \u201cThe final link was closed late last year. The exchange of electricity has grown exponentially, particularly from Guatemala south.\u201d<\/p>\n

Espinasa, who was chief economist at Venezuelan state oil monopoly PDVSA<\/a> from 1992 to 1999, noted that Mexico is already selling electricity to Guatemala \u2014 but that the transmission line is not connected to SIEPAC.<\/p>\n

Natural gas is an ideal option, he said, but the nations of Central America are not heavily gasified at this point. \u201cThere have to be generators that can run on gas. Pipelines have to be built, and ports have to be deep enough to accept LNG tankers,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n

The cost of an LNG terminal has dropped from $1 billion to around $300 million. For the Caribbean, he said, compressed natural gas shipped from Florida could be sent as far south as Jamaica \u2014 about 1,000 nautical miles.<\/p>\n

Michael Cummings is the special adviser for climate and renewables at OPIC, which offers loans, political risk insurance and debt support for private equity.<\/p>\n

\u201cOne thing that distinguishes us is that we can only lend to private-sector entities,\u201d he said. \u201cWe\u2019ve been very active in renewables and have loaned roughly $1 billion a year worldwide in each of the last four years to\u00a0wind, geothermal and biomass projects.\u201d<\/p>\n

But the main barrier to expanding energy infrastructure in Central America and the Caribbean is the lack of bankable projects. To address that, Cummings said, OPIC is partnering with the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)<\/a> to provide developers with project assistance, feasibility studies and legal document preparation.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe are interested in natural gas projects,\u201d he said. \u201cWe just don\u2019t have any in our pipeline in the region. We need developers to bring us projects.\u201d<\/p>\n

Ricuarte V\u00e1squez, the Panama-based CEO of General Electric<\/a> Central America and the Caribbean, said Central America\u2019s institutional setting is complicated, because Panama and Guatemala have a private energy market, while in Costa Rica it\u2019s fully state-owned, with little private participation.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn the Caribbean, it\u2019s very complex,\u201d he said. \u201cIn the English-speaking countries, it\u2019s usually more state-oriented, and even if they have private institutions, the market prices do not reflect the cost of energy, and that makes it very challenging to put a project together, because it\u2019s heavily subsidized for political reasons. That leads to a vicious cycle of indebtedness to keep prices low.\u201d<\/p>\n

Another issue is theft, said V\u00e1squez, who was Panama\u2019s finance minister twice. In the Dominican Republic, for instance, about 35 percent of the electricity produced is stolen, he said \u2014 and in some cases, the theft takes place at the institutional level.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn spite of the difficulties, we are looking for solutions. The demand for energy is there,\u201d he said. \u201cGas could be a solution, but it\u2019s a long-term solution. Nicaragua has huge potential for geothermal, but research happens to be expensive. However, once you hit it, it\u2019s a very clean solution.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ricuarte Vasquez, General Electric\u2019s president and CEO for Latin America and the Caribbean, speaks at Washington\u2019s Inter-American Dialogue<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-articles-panama-perpsective"],"yoast_head":"\nCentral America panel seeks ways to slash region\u2019s sky high electricity prices - Blog and Newsletter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/central-america-panel-seeks-ways-to-slash-regions-sky-high-electricity-prices\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" 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