{"id":12792,"date":"2015-03-03T13:25:25","date_gmt":"2015-03-03T18:25:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=12792"},"modified":"2015-03-03T13:25:44","modified_gmt":"2015-03-03T18:25:44","slug":"stanley-heckadon-morenos-gift-to-panama-is-clean-rivers-magnificent-tropical-forests","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/stanley-heckadon-morenos-gift-to-panama-is-clean-rivers-magnificent-tropical-forests\/","title":{"rendered":"Stanley Heckadon-Moreno\u2019s Gift to Panama Is Clean Rivers, Magnificent Tropical Forests"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Stanley<\/a><\/p>\n

Keith Schneider at Circle of Blue writes of the achievements of Stanley Heckadon-Moreno, one of Latin America\u2019s most influential and successful conservationists and a national leader in Panama\u2019s work to safeguard clean rivers and protect thousands of square miles of magnificent tropical forests.<\/p>\n

Across the expanse of a half-century-long career as an ecologist, reformer, and skilled raconteur, Stanley Heckadon-Moreno saw his native Panama engulfed by one spasm of political transition after another.<\/p>\n

A weak democracy and resentment of American ownership of the Panama Canal in the 1960s begat the corrupt military dictatorship of the 1980s. A damaging American invasion in 1989 gave rise to a decade of hardship and confusion in the 1990s.<\/p>\n

\u201cWe\u2019re going to prosper or perish on the basis of how well we care for our natural assets.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u2013Stanley Heckadon-Moreno, manager
\nSmithsonian Tropical Research Institute\u2019s Galeta Point Marine Laboratory<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Even the transfer of canal ownership to Panama on the last day of the 20th century, which initiated the most economically buoyant era in the country\u2019s 112-year history, produced a bout of national vertigo. Uncertain at first, government and business leaders took time to prove to themselves and a doubting world that they harbor the skills to manage a 21st century democracy, and an essential maritime main street.<\/p>\n

\u201cFor a long time, the bankers, the builders, the government administrators, they all reached one conclusion,\u201d said Heckadon, who\u2019s served since 2000 as a staff scientist and manager of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute\u2019s Galeta Point Marine Laboratory, on the Caribbean entrance to the canal. \u201cThey said, \u2018We don\u2019t need no damn forests. It\u2019s a waste. Trees? Forget the trees. We want development.\u2019 Sea to sea along the Panama Canal. They wanted it to be like the Rhine River. One industry after the other.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yet through all of the political convulsions and government advocacy for new development, Heckadon persisted with a message of restraint and a knowing, personal approach that could be as tough as teak or as flexible as bamboo. Much of Panama\u2019s public domain, and a good share of the nation\u2019s land preservation and water conservation ethic can be traced to his work.<\/p>\n

Panama\u2019s Land and Water Steward<\/h2>\n

As one of Latin America\u2019s most influential and successful conservationists Heckadon is directly responsible for safeguarding Panama\u2019s largest rivers, and permanently protecting thousands of square miles of magnificent tropical forests. Indirectly, his considerable role in securing Panama\u2019s natural wealth is steadily producing a durable \u2014 and largely non-polluting \u2014 new economy that is based on maritime transit, logistics, trade, banking, housing, and tourism.<\/p>\n

\u201cStanley is the voice of environmental conscience for Panama,\u201d said Matthew C. Larsen, director of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. \u201cHis deep understanding of the human activities that affect the abundant natural resources of the nation have made him a highly respected and articulate source of information and perspective on how we can sustainably manage our landscapes.\u201d<\/p>\n

Heckadon\u2019s Work Is Seen Everywhere<\/h2>\n

The 90-kilometer (56-mile) drive from Heckadon\u2019s home in Panama City to his sun-splashed office at the marine laboratory crosses the 289,200-hectare (665,000-acre) Panama Canal watershed. The unmarked hills and green forests are the crowning achievements of his career and a showcase of Panama\u2019s allegiance to its fresh water and tropical geography<\/a>.<\/p>\n

If each of the protected tracts of land that Heckadon established were graphically illustrated, say with bright flags planted in the forests and on the summits of the Canal Zone highlands, the route would be aflutter with color.<\/p>\n

\"Panama-Schneider-IMG_2299\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The 131,000-hectare (324,000-acre) Chagres National Park was established in 1985 to secure the headwaters of the Chagres River, the freshwater source for the Panama Canal and for most of Panama\u2019s people.<\/em><\/p>\n

From the boundaries of an urban wildlife refuge near the heart of Panama City to the preserved coastal mangrove forests at Galeta, 70 percent of the land across the isthmus is a permanently protected green treasure chest drained by free-flowing streams and filled with towering trees, beckoning flowers, and uncountable species of tropical plants and birds.<\/p>\n

Between the oceans are five national parks, established in a remarkable 12-year campaign of land preservation from 1980 to 1992, largely led by Heckadon, that was spurred by America\u2019s decision to turn control of the Panama Canal Zone over to the host country. The largest of the preserved holdings, the 131,000-hectare (324,000-acre) Chagres National Park was established in 1985 to secure the headwaters of the Chagres River and its tributaries, the freshwater source for the Panama Canal and for most of Panama\u2019s people.<\/p>\n

Heckadon, who marries his scientific training as an anthropologist with a government insider\u2019s instinct for galvanizing allies, had a hand in establishing all of them, a big hand. In 1984 and 1985, as one of the country\u2019s senior environmental officers at the Ministry of Economic Policy and Planning, he chaired the first national task force that studied the state of the environment in the canal watershed. For two years, 175 experts from all branches of government, plus non-profit and business leaders, evaluated the relationship between Panama\u2019s development and the Chagres.<\/p>\n

The panel made clear that unbridled development in the watershed would harm the river\u2019s capacity to produce and store water in quantities sufficient to manage the canal and grow the metropolitan economy. The panel\u2019s foremost recommendation, to protect all surviving forest in the headwaters of the Chagres, was embraced in 1985 by President Erick Arturo Del Valley, who signed the Executive Decree to establish Chagres National Park.<\/p>\n

\u201cOn that day, Panama bought the life insurance policy of the canal,\u201d Heckadon says.<\/p>\n

Securing the Canal Watershed<\/h2>\n

More than a decade later Heckadon served as an environmental expert in the Coronado Debates, hosted by the United Nations, to prepare Panama to manage and develop the Canal Zone. His proposal to expand forest protections led to establishing Camino de Cruces and San Lorenzo National Parks.<\/p>\n

Few conservation advocates anywhere carry such policy weight. In 1991, as head of Panama\u2019s National Directorate of Natural Resources (INRENARE), the country\u2019s premier environmental post, he convinced Luis H. Moreno, then director of Panama\u2019s National Bank, to sign an agreement that barred bank loans for cutting and burning forests in the canal watershed.<\/p>\n

By the end of the decade he learned the significance of that agreement. From 1996 to 2000, Heckadon led the Panama Canal Watershed Natural Resources Project, the most precise assessment of the environmental status of the watershed ever conducted. One of the study\u2019s key findings was that forest cutting in the watershed had dropped from 3000 hectares per year (7,400 acres) to 30 hectares (74 acres).<\/p>\n

\"Panama-Schneider-IMG_2910\"<\/a><\/p>\n

The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute\u2019s Galeta Point Marine Laboratory, established in 1966 on the Caribbean shoreline near Colon, was formerly a U.S. Naval installation.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u201cThe Panama Canal is the country\u2019s biggest asset,\u201d Heckadon says. \u201cIt uses an astronomical amount of water \u2014 2.2 billion to 2.5 billion gallons a day. That same river provides water for 86 percent of the population of Panama, and 80 percent of industry and hotels. The only river that I can think of that has such an impact on one nation, and its people, is the Nile. There would be no Egypt without the Nile. There would be no Panama without the Chagres River. It\u2019s the Panamanian Nile.<\/p>\n

\u201cOur destiny has hinged around that river. And the river is more important than it\u2019s ever been. The canal is expanding<\/a>. It needs more water. There\u2019s more people. There\u2019s more industry. There\u2019s more tourism. They all need more water. So protecting the Chagres River is a matter of national security.\u201d<\/p>\n

Bright, funny, and possessing unleashed energy, the 71-year-old scientist is generating a string of lifetime achievement awards from groups as diverse as a national journalism organization, Panama City businesses, and academics who recognize that the country\u2019s green and remarkably clean domain has a national godfather.<\/p>\n

A Bout With Malaria<\/h2>\n

Heckadon was born and raised as an only child on his grandparents\u2019 farm in Chiriqui Province. His American father, Philip Stanley Heckadon, was a Mennonite who emigrated from Lynn County, Kansas to Panama during the Great Depression to work for the United Fruit Company. He also served in the U.S. Navy in the Pacific theater during World War II.<\/p>\n

His mother, Manuela Moreno Caballero, came from a family that settled Chiriqui in the 1630s. His mother was a teacher who divorced his father in 1952 and raised her only son with the help of her parents. She almost lost the boy when Heckadon contracted malaria and nearly died when he was five years old.<\/p>\n

\u201cSince Chiriqui did not have good hospitals or research medical labs, my mother wanted me near more modern medical facilities in Panama city,\u201d he says. \u201cShe enrolled in the University of Panama and graduated as an English school teacher in 1958. She was the first in her family to graduate from college.<\/p>\n

\u201cMy mother wanted me to get the best education. She enrolled me in the Colegio Javier, a Jesuit school in Panama City. The Jesuits gave me an excellent education and a passion for knowledge and social justice.\u201d<\/p>\n

Heckadon met his wife, Sonia, at the University of Essex, where they both studied sociology. They were married in 1976. Sonia spent much of her career with the United Nations. They have a son, Diego Antonio, an American-trained photographer and cinematographer who works for Panama\u2019s Ministry of Foreign Relations. Their daughter, Monica Isabel, is earning a master\u2019s degree in computing sciences at Pace University in New York City.<\/p>\n

Heckadon himself was educated as an anthropologist at the Universidad de Los Andes, in Colombia. He earned his masters and doctorate in sociology at University of Essex, in England.<\/p>\n

The first half of his career was spent in government. At the Ministry of Planning and Political Economy he led the program for Indian affairs and promoted development projects for Indian territories. He had a leading role in Panama\u2019s decision to establish the Comarcas Indigenas or Indian territories that now cover 25 percent of Panama\u2019s land.<\/p>\n

He also was head of the Institute of Renewable Natural Resources, the forerunner of today\u2019s National Environmental Authority (ANAM). A decorated writer, lecturer, and researcher, Heckadon is the author of 17 books and hundreds of published scientific papers.<\/p>\n

Conservation Takes Hold<\/h2>\n

Through it all he witnessed the tide of public sentiment turn in favor of conservation.<\/p>\n

\u201cRight now we\u2019re doing better than we did,\u201d Heckadon says \u201cAbout 45 percent of Panama\u2019s rainforests are still standing. In the Canal Zone, I\u2019d say 55 to 60 percent is standing. The reason why we haven\u2019t destroyed so much is that we aren\u2019t a mining country. We\u2019re not a manufacturing country. We\u2019re not a farming country. We\u2019re a services economy. Panama City and Colon do not grow on the basis of converting trees, minerals, soils, to products. We\u2019re going to prosper or perish on the basis of how well we care for our natural assets.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Panama-Schneider-IMG_2896\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Stanley Heckadon-Moreno established and manages an active marine research education program that each year introduces thousands of students to marine science and ecology, among them 17-year-old Clementina Salinas, a member of the indigenous Ngobe community of western Panama<\/p>\n

One measure of a great career in conservation is how much of nature\u2019s bounty actually is preserved. Another is how long a career stays relevant. On both measures Heckadon scores well. This month, for example, he was asked to participate on a panel at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute that is reviewing the environmental consequences of a proposed sea-to-sea transport canal in Nicaragua.<\/p>\n

Most of all, it takes moxie, grace, toughness, patience, and persistence to adjust a nation\u2019s view of the ecological value of natural resources \u2014 and some luck.<\/p>\n

In 1980, when Heckadon led the work to establish the 22,104-hectare (55,000-acre) Soberania National Park, the first national park in the Canal Zone, Heckadon relied on his connection to the mistress of General Omar Torrijos, Panama\u2019s military dictator. He sent a message through the mistress, an invitation for Torrijos to tour the area by helicopter. When Torrijos landed, he agreed to establish the park.<\/p>\n

Five years later, during a visit with the president of Panama and his aides to the site of another new park, the proposed Metropolitan National Park in Panama City, nature unexpectedly intervened.<\/p>\n

\u201cI am speaking to the president of Panama and all these ministers. I said there are very few areas of world where there are tropical forests in a city,\u201d recalls Heckadon. \u201cOut of the blue five toucans land in the tree above us. Everybody goes quiet. The toucans are talking back and forth up there. These toucans took over the attention of my audience.<\/p>\n

\u201cI said, \u2018Mr. President, have you ever seen a toucan in the wild? This is a spectacle you won\u2019t see in any other city.\u2019 He says to me, \u2018Mr. Heckadon, we\u2019ll do the park.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n

Monte Lloyd Helps<\/h2>\n

Heckadon credits a good portion of his persuasive style to lessons provided by the American scientist Monte B. Lloyd, a prominent University of Chicago field biologist whose specialty was research on cicadas in tropical zones. Lloyd, who died in 2000 at the age of 73, also was a character. Lloyd slept in Panama City\u2019s stifling red-light district hotels during his annual trips to Panama, drank beer in brothel bars, and spent his time trooping through the rainforest looking for crickets.<\/p>\n

Lloyd, who was in his mid-fifties, and Heckadon, a generation younger, met in Panama City in the 1970s and became immediate and dear friends.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe opposition to conservation was so strong then,\u201d Heckadon says. \u201cThe builders association. The bankers association. They want development. And they have facts. All kind of facts about jobs and the economy. We have no figures on the economics of ecology. We did not have any hard facts.<\/p>\n

\u201cMonte had his favorite bar, the AP Bar, the Atlantic Pacific Bar, which was a pool hall. He drank black beer and loved patacones, fried plantains. So I went down there to see him.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe was always interested in the forest, always pressing me. What\u2019s happening with the forest? I said, \u2018Monte, they want facts. Hard facts. I could see him cranking this idea through his head.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe next time I saw him we were standing in the bar. Monte says to me, \u2018Do you know how many Japanese are bird watchers?\u2019 He gives me a number, an astounding number. \u2018Do you know how many days they stay? Three weeks. Do you know how much they spend?\u2019 He\u2019d crack another number.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u2018Do you know how many people belong to the American Audubon Society? Do you know how long they stay when they travel? Do you know how much they spend?\u2019<\/p>\n

\u201cHe\u2019d crack all these numbers, astounding numbers. Monte Lloyd was a biologist. But he was spending his time looking up the weirdest statistical figures about how long people doing nature tours took on their trips and how much they spent.<\/p>\n

\u201cHe was doing some of the first work on ecological economics. So during these meetings in the late 1970s and early 1980s on the future of the canal, government people and the bankers stand up and say they don\u2019t want forests. They don\u2019t care about clean water. The future of the Canal Zone is development.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhen my turn came to speak I\u2019d stand up and do my Monte Lloyd stuff. \u2018Do you know how many Americans are members of the Audubon Society?\u2019 Silence. Then I\u2019d crank out a number. \u2018Do you know how long they stay in a country watching birds?\u2019 Silence. I\u2019d crank out a number. \u2018Do you know how much they spend? I\u2019d crank out a number.\u2019<\/p>\n

\u201cIt worked.\u201d<\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Keith Schneider at Circle of Blue writes of the achievements of Stanley Heckadon-Moreno, one of Latin America\u2019s most<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12792","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-articles-panama-perpsective"],"yoast_head":"\nStanley Heckadon-Moreno\u2019s Gift to Panama Is Clean Rivers, Magnificent Tropical Forests - Blog and Newsletter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/stanley-heckadon-morenos-gift-to-panama-is-clean-rivers-magnificent-tropical-forests\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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