{"id":10230,"date":"2014-05-07T17:17:23","date_gmt":"2014-05-07T22:17:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/?p=10230"},"modified":"2014-05-07T17:17:23","modified_gmt":"2014-05-07T22:17:23","slug":"costa-rica%e2%80%99s-way-forward-after-%e2%80%9cintel-bombshell%e2%80%9d-experts-call-for-country-to-sharpen-its-competitive-edge","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/costa-rica%e2%80%99s-way-forward-after-%e2%80%9cintel-bombshell%e2%80%9d-experts-call-for-country-to-sharpen-its-competitive-edge\/","title":{"rendered":"Costa Rica\u2019s Way Forward After \u201cIntel Bombshell\u201d: Experts Call for Country to Sharpen its Competitive Edge"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/COSTA-RICA-Flag.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-10232\" title=\"COSTA-RICA-Flag\" src=\"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/COSTA-RICA-Flag.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"633\" height=\"378\" srcset=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/COSTA-RICA-Flag.jpg 633w, https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/COSTA-RICA-Flag-300x179.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 633px) 100vw, 633px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>The Costa Rican services economy had an interesting past few weeks.<\/strong> Just days after the election of a new left-leaning president \u2013 who  immediately began to take steps to reassure the investor and business  communities \u2013 the country experienced near-simultaneous announcements  from Intel, cutting their Costa Rica workforce by over half, and Bank  of America, announcing the complete closure of their Costa Rica shared  services center, along with closings in Mexico and the Philippines.<\/p>\n<p>Those analysts bullish on Costa Rica felt somewhat vindicated when  less than a week after Bank of America\u2019s announcement shuttering the  three shared services centers, the banking giant announced a $276 million (US) quarterly loss,  just a year after posting a $1.48 billion quarterly profit a year ago.  Nearshore analysts point to this as the real reason Bank of America  decided to shutter Costa Rica operations: simple cost cutting related to  Bank of America\u2019s severe hemorrhaging of cash, including $6 billion in  litigation expenses related to toxic mortgage backed debentures, and a  $9.5 billion settlement with US federal housing regulators. \u201cThe cost of  resolving more of our mortgage issues hurt our earnings this quarter,\u201d  admitted CEO Brian Moynihan in announcing the loss Wednesday morning.  Still, the case with Intel seems more organic, as manufacturers seek to  control long term costs of production taking into account factors such  as labor and energy.<\/p>\n<p>To assess the current Costa Rica situation, Nearshore Americas  assembled a virtual roundtable of heavy hitters who have agreed to share  their opinion on the state of the Costa Rican economy, skilled tech  labor market and political landscape. The panelists include<strong> Irving Soto,<\/strong> Investment promotion director for CINDE, Costa Rica\u2019s investment promotion agency; <strong>Robert Wolf<\/strong>, founder and CEO of EX2 Outcoding Solutions, a Costa Rican software development and outsourcing company; <strong>Dr. Roberto Artavia<\/strong>, distinguished researcher, IADB (Inter-American Development Bank) adviser, executive, and board member of several corporations including Diebold, Inc., Fundacion Marviva, and Fundacion Latinoam\u00e9rica Posible; <strong>Mario Merino<\/strong>, Costa Rica country manager for Gorilla Logic, a Boulder, Colorado based technology and outsourcing firm; and <strong>Freddy Fachler<\/strong>, partner with Pacheco Coto, the oldest law firm in Costa Rica, with offices throughout Central America, Europe, and New Zealand.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nearshore Americas: Intel is a manufacturer, and has a chip  fabrication facility in Costa Rica. What does this pullout by Intel mean  for Costa Rica as a labor market, and as a destination for high tech  manufacturing? Is it still competitive? Is this a sign that Costa Rica\u2019s  economy has entered a different phase in its sovereign economic  lifecycle?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Robert Wolf: <\/strong>Costa Rica is moving towards services. No longer  manufacturing, but other areas like services software development, IT,  that\u2019s where Costa Rica is going. So I would say that manufacturing in  Costa Rica is no longer quite as competitive as in other countries, but  in some sectors Costa Rica is just not going to be as competitive  because the energy production costs are very high.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Roberto Artavia:<\/strong> The answer has two separate parts. I believe  that Costa Rica remains competitive for higher value added services and  advanced manufacturing. Our labor productivity growth outpaces that of  most international competitors including China. The problem is that  China and all of Asia are moving from being a manufacturing center to  becoming also the most important market for intermediate goods and  therefore the logistics of supply become very important. Short of moving  the country, neither Costa Rica  nor any other western manufacturer will be able to hold the production  of goods for the intermediate market for long. We need to move to a  different way of creating value with knowledge, design, and highly  specialized niche manufacturing. For a small country like ours, that  should be enough. This year we were on path to export more medical  devices than chips and for several years we have been increasing the  content of design and specialized services in our exports.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Freddy Fachler:<\/strong> I think that we need to put Intel\u2019s decision  into perspective. First of all, it is a partial pullout since the  company\u2019s shared services and I+D departments will stay in Costa Rica  and, without diminishing the impact of the decision, this is part of the  answer to your question. Costa Rica, like any other country, is  entering\u2014and needs to enter, into a new economic lifecycle.<\/p>\n<p>Just like we went from being a single export country (coffee) to  where we are now, the country will have to enter into a new phase. When  the \u201cmaquiladoras\u201d moved out of Costa Rica,  the country had to reinvent itself; now we have to do the same thing.  Take advantage of the highly educated professionals and the skills that  companies like Intel required and move into higher value-added kind of  services.<\/p>\n<p>Also, in a joint effort between the government and the private  sector, the country needs to promote entrepreneurship amongst those  professionals that would like begin new companies and develop products  and services that can be offered to companies located in Costa Rica and  anywhere else. For every new company, you not only compensate for a lost  job but you also create new ones, strengthening an independent service  providing sector.<\/p>\n<p>Most of all, this should be taken as wake-up call for everybody.  Probably there are things that we should have been doing earlier, but  there is no point in looking back other than to start doing them right  now.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nearshore Americas:\u00a0Two weeks ago, Costa Rica elected a new  President. This President is from the same political group that has  opposed free trade agreements, opposed the benefits of the free trade  zones, advocated possible higher taxes, and seems aligned with the new  Latin American Left. When business leaders look at what has happened  when leftist leaders took the reign in places like Argentina  and Venezuela, it scares them. Even Roussef in Brasil is dealing with  civil strife and unrest. Should multinational executives worry about  Costa Rica or are such thoughts hyperbole and overblown. What is your  opinion, and why?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Roberto Artavia:<\/strong> Not at all. Not only has president elect  Solis been clear about his position about free export zones, but he  could not change much, even if he wanted, because most aspects of these  are already tied down in free trade agreements and other long term  mechanisms. You can\u2019t compare a country with strong institutions, such  as Costa Rica, with countries that have demonstrated time and again that  they don\u2019t have a trustworthy institutional framework. Costa Rica is  closer to Chile  and Uruguay, which technically also have more progressive\u2014I would not  call them leftist, governments with strong institutions. Multinational  corporate investors and managers can rest easy. Costa Rica will not  change in its path, strategy, or capacities. If anything, by investing a  little more in social programs, it will avoid the conflicts that seem  to take place in many countries around the world, including Mexico and Brazil.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Irving Soto:<\/strong> Investors should not worry; the president elect  has been very clear on his position about the free trade zone. He has  been very specific saying that foreign direct investment has been a  booster for economic development of the country, and he will continue  supporting more FDI coming into the country,. He took a clear position  that he will respect the free trade zone laws, and furthermore, last  weekend he appointed a group from the private sector that will be led by CINDE and linked to him directly in order to participate more directly in everything related to FDI, so he is very committed to that.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Robert Wolf:<\/strong> Seven years ago we had a referendum about the  free trade agreement with the USA. There was a right wing and a left  wing. Solis, the current president was part of the party against the  free trade agreement. With business people there is uncertainty. Not  only were they against the agreement, but they were aligned with the  communists and other people against free trade zones and liberal  economics. So is he going to make drastic changes, or is he going to  keep his word? There is worry about whether he is going to change rules  along the way.\u00a0 Solis is not as radical as other people in his party,  but unfortunately the experience that we have had with this party is  that they were against lots of agreements, against having a liberal  economy, and that\u2019s what worries lots of the business people. He has  been assuring that he is not going to change the rules, that he is going  to be pro-business. I hope he keeps his word. On the other hand he has  said that in the first 2 years he will reconsider adding more taxes. His  party over the years has been saying that they want to tax the free  trade zones.<\/p>\n<p>There is another party in Costa Rica that only got 17% of the  elections. That party is one to worry about. It has the same ideology as  Chavez in Venezuela,  Argentina, and those other countries. This party that got elected and  is going to take over the government in May is not as radical as that  party.\u00a0 I think they are more moderate, they are more conservative than  the countries that you mentioned, such as Chavez in Venezuela, although  we have to be very careful that the new party, we are hoping that they  will not change the rules along the way but I wouldn\u2019t be as worried as  if the other party that was very close to making it to the second round  of elections got through. At this point all the business people are  waiting to see what happens. It seems like the new President is not  going to change the rules.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Freddy Fachler:<\/strong> I do not think they should worry. There will  be a change in government and there will be a change in certain policies  but the socioeconomic realities of the countries that you mentioned  (Venezuela, Argentina and Brazil)  are very different from Costa Rica\u2019s reality. I also think that the new  President brings a pragmatism and a\u00a0political background somewhat  different from that of the historical leaders of his party.<\/p>\n<p>He is an academic, a diplomat and a firm believer in political  institutions. He has always said that he is open to hear the arguments  of those that think differently and change his views if \u00a0he needs to do  it (he just said this in connection with the possibility of opening the  energy production market) and last week, in the a meeting of the most  important private sector organization UCCAEP  (Costa Rican Union of Chambers and Private Sector Business  Organizations), the new President clearly stated that he wanted the  private sector to be involved in his promotional visits to other  countries from day one. I think that, form what we know about him and  what we have seen so far, the message is clear.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mario Merino:<\/strong> I think that the concerns are hyperbole and  overblown. \u00a0Historically Costa Rica has always been slightly left of  center. \u00a0During the past 20, or so years we adjusted to right of center  to become competitive in line with geopolitical events and market forces  that presented opportunities that we certainly capitalized on and the  fruits of that alignment can be seen now. \u00a0The potential and presumed  left of center alignment hasn\u2019t been observed yet and this new  government very well may make sustainable growth and fighting corruption  its goal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nearshore Americas: Costa Rica\u2019s currency has been on the  rise, making international operations more expensive. I have been told  by executives operating in the country that they planned for a tight  labor market, but the currency situation has made their Costa Rica  operations no longer profitable. Will the new government have better  success than the previous government in defending the col\u00f3n? If so, or  if not, why?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Roberto Artavia:<\/strong> Defending the col\u00f3n depends on a strong export sector, on strong tourism,  and on FDI, mainly, with other minor flows. I believe that we will do  well in the midterm, although I don\u2019t doubt that the Intel effect will  have some impact, real and through speculation. But this country has  done fairly well in controlling inflation, we are now much closer to  opening new sustainable energy plants, the cost of labor is low relative  to productivity growth and in that area the country is outstanding. We  might see a short term dip, but nothing long lasting.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Costa Rican services economy had an interesting past few weeks. Just days after the election of a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news-articles-panama-perpsective"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v27.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Costa Rica\u2019s Way Forward After \u201cIntel Bombshell\u201d: Experts Call for Country to Sharpen its Competitive Edge - Blog and Newsletter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/costa-rica\u2019s-way-forward-after-\u201cintel-bombshell\u201d-experts-call-for-country-to-sharpen-its-competitive-edge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Costa Rica\u2019s Way Forward After \u201cIntel Bombshell\u201d: Experts Call for Country to Sharpen its Competitive Edge\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Costa Rican services economy had an interesting past few weeks. Just days after the election of a\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/costa-rica\u2019s-way-forward-after-\u201cintel-bombshell\u201d-experts-call-for-country-to-sharpen-its-competitive-edge\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Blog and Newsletter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100088396493750\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-05-07T22:17:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/panamaadvisoryinternationalgroup.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/COSTA-RICA-Flag.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Adrian Prozzo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Adrian Prozzo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta 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